Every grammar lesson follows the same deep structure: simple + detailed explanation, formula, when to use it, when NOT to, mistakes, American English notes, a mini dialogue, summary, practice — and a 50-question mixed-format quiz with explanations for every answer. Lessons are built in course order, A1 first.
BE is the most important verb in English — a verb is a word that shows an action (like eat or go) or a state (a condition, like be…
OpenUse the Present Simple for things that happen again and again (habits — the regular things you do, like brushing your teeth every …
OpenA pronoun is a small word that stands in place of a name, so we do not say the name again and again: 'Anna is happy. She is happy.…
OpenWe use 'there is' and 'there are' to say that something exists — that it is really there, in a place. 'There is' is for one thing:…
OpenUse the Present Continuous for actions happening right now, at this moment: 'Look! She is drawing.' We build it with two parts: th…
OpenUse 'can' to say you are able to do something — that you have the skill or the possibility: 'I can swim.' Use 'can't' (the short f…
OpenA noun is a word for a person, a place, a thing, or an animal (teacher, school, book, cat). When a noun means only one, it is sing…
OpenAn adjective is a describing word — a word that tells us more about a person or a thing: big, small, hot, cold, happy, old. It ans…
OpenAn adverb of frequency is a word that tells us how often something happens — 'frequency' means how many times something happens, l…
OpenAn imperative is a sentence that tells someone to do something — it gives an instruction, an order, a warning, or friendly advice.…
OpenThe past simple talks about finished time — things that started and ended before now, like yesterday or last week. Most verbs add …
OpenThe past continuous shows an action in progress at a moment in the past — in the middle of happening, not finished at that moment.…
OpenA noun is a word for a person, a place, or a thing. Some nouns name things you can count one by one — these are countable nouns: '…
OpenAn article is one of the three tiny words a, an, and the that stand before a noun. A noun is a word for a person, a place, or a th…
OpenAn adjective is a describing word: 'big,' 'happy,' 'expensive.' A comparative adjective compares two things — it says one is more …
OpenThe future means the time after now. English talks about it with two main tools. A plan is a decision you made before the moment o…
OpenA preposition is a small word that connects two things and shows the connection between them — it tells you WHEN something happens…
OpenThe present perfect is a verb form that connects the past with NOW. A verb has three forms: the base (eat), the past simple (ate),…
OpenHave to and must both say that something is necessary — an obligation is something you need to do, not something you choose. Use h…
OpenWhen a sentence has two verbs, the second verb changes form: it becomes to + verb (the infinitive — 'to' plus the plain verb, like…
OpenA conjunction is a joining word — it connects words or clauses (a clause is a part of a sentence with its own subject and verb). A…
OpenA question is a sentence that asks for information. English questions move a helper verb (a small verb like do, does, did, can, is…
OpenUse Past Simple for finished time (yesterday, in 2020, last week). Use Present Perfect when the time is NOT finished, or when the …
OpenThe present perfect continuous is have or has + been + a verb with -ing: 'I have been waiting.' A participle is the third form of …
OpenThe past perfect is had + the past participle — the participle is the third form of a verb, like started, seen, or gone: 'The movi…
OpenAn arrangement is a future plan that is already fixed: the time is set and other people know about it — a ticket is bought, a meet…
OpenA modal verb is a small helper verb that stands in front of a main verb (the action word, like go, swim, or be) and changes its me…
OpenA conditional sentence joins two parts: a condition — a situation introduced by if (if means 'in the case that') — and a result, w…
OpenIn an active sentence, the doer — the person or thing that does the action — comes first: 'A mechanic repaired the car.' In a pass…
OpenSometimes you say a person's exact words. That is called direct speech — 'exact words' means the words the person really said, wri…
OpenA clause is a group of words with a subject and a verb — like a small, complete piece of a sentence. A relative clause is a clause…
OpenA habit is something you do again and again, like a routine. A state is a condition — how something is, not an action (for example…
OpenAn adverb is a word that adds information to a verb (an action word), an adjective (a describing word), or another adverb. It answ…
OpenEnglish sentences are built in a fixed order called SVOMPT. The subject is who or what the sentence is about. The verb is the acti…
OpenA question tag is a tiny question added to the end of a sentence: 'You are tired, aren't you?' The tag is built from the statement…
OpenThis lesson teaches four words that measure 'how much' of a quality. An adjective describes a person or thing (hot, tired); an adv…
OpenThe third conditional imagines a different past: if + had + past participle (the third form of a verb, like done or gone), then wo…
OpenThe past perfect continuous is had been + verb-ing (had been waiting, had been working). It shows an activity that lasted for some…
OpenTwo future tenses give you precision. A participle is the third form of a verb — the form used after 'have,' like done, finished, …
OpenA participle is the third form of a verb — done, built, stolen, repaired. This lesson adds three advanced tools to the passive you…
OpenA reporting verb is a verb you use to pass on what someone said — not their exact words, but their meaning. 'Say' and 'tell' are t…
OpenA wish is something you want to be different from reality. 'I wish I were taller' means: I am NOT tall, but I want to be. Wish sen…
OpenA participle is a verb form. The -ing form (walking, reading) is called the present participle, and the third form of the verb (bu…
OpenA modal verb is a helper verb (must, might, can't) that stands before a main verb and changes its meaning. Deduction means working…
OpenA gerund is a verb ending in -ing that works like a noun ('Swimming is fun'). An infinitive is to + the base verb ('I want to leav…
OpenZero article means using no article at all — no a, an, or the before a noun. You know the basics already: a/an for one thing menti…
OpenA phrasal verb is a verb (an action word like turn, look, pick) joined with a small word called a particle (up, off, out, after). …
OpenAn adjective is a describing word (big, red, lovely); a noun is a naming word (car, table). When two or more adjectives stand befo…
OpenInversion means turning the normal word order around: the helper verb (a small helping verb like have, did, was, or should) moves …
OpenA cleft sentence is a sentence split into two parts so that one piece of information gets the focus — the focus is the part you mo…
OpenEllipsis means leaving out words that repeat information the listener already has: 'She can swim, and I can too' (the words 'swim'…
OpenA discourse marker is a word or short phrase — like however, moreover, therefore, actually, or well — that does not add a new fact…
OpenEnglish sentences normally begin with the subject: 'We left early.' Fronting means moving a phrase about WHEN, WHERE, HOW — or eve…
OpenNominalization means turning a verb or an adjective into a noun. Decide (a verb — an action word) becomes decision (a noun — a nam…
OpenThe subjunctive is a special verb pattern English keeps for formal, official language. After verbs and phrases that express a dema…
OpenAn absolute clause is a compact background package: a noun plus a participle (or adjective) that brings its own subject into the s…
OpenA conditional is a sentence with two parts: a condition (the IF part — the situation that must happen first) and a result (what ha…
OpenPunctuation marks are the small signs inside writing — commas, periods, semicolons, colons, dashes, apostrophes, and quotation mar…
OpenEvery quiz here gives you your score, an explanation for every answer, and your recommended next lesson.
Take a free quiz ▶ Subscribe on YouTube